FKK UMJ Students Find Alternative Foods for Diabetes Mellitus Sufferers
Who doesn't know diabetes mellitus? People generally call this disease diabetes. Diabetes mellitus is one of several diseases that cause death. Even the Indonesian Ministry of Health mentions diabetes mellitus as one of the silent killers.
This disease, which has quite high complexity, results in a treatment process that is also complex and expensive. Some diabetes mellitus drugs are not cheap. However, this obstacle can be overcome with an innovation discovered by Razandinta Tafshiilaa Lubna, a student at the Faculty of Medicine and Health, Muhammadiyah University, Jakarta (FKK UMJ) .
Razandinta Tafshiilaa Lubna succeeded in finding food that could be an alternative for consumption by people with diabetes mellitus. This food is tempeh himetan. Dinta, as she is known, discovered the formula for tempeh made from three types of beans, namely green beans, red beans and peanuts, which was later shortened to himetan. His tempeh formula and innovation have won medals from various international championships.
The latest achievement in 2023, Dinta won a silver medal in the Indonesia Inventors Day (IID) 2023 event which was held at Udayana University, Bali, 16-19 September 2023.
Himetan tempeh is included in the food and biotechnology category and can be eaten by anyone. According to Dinta's supervisor during her research at FKK UMJ, dr. Resna Murti Wibowo, Sp.PD., FINASIM, M.Kes., Himetan tempeh is a food that can be used as medicine. “In principle, what is eaten becomes medicine. So it's not an experiment on humans, but how beneficial is this food to humans when eaten?" said Resna.
This research was conducted to compare the benefits of himetan tempeh with diabetes mellitus medicines. Previously, in vivo experiments on mice or rats showed that tempeh himetan had a good and significant effect. Then the research continued in sillico , tested again by comparing the protein compounds contained in himetan tempeh.
In 2023, research will be conducted to compare tempeh and bos root, a drug that binds sugar. Usually people with diabetes mellitus take this medicine directly after eating. The impact is that the sugar is bound by the contents of the boss root and does not enter the blood, then comes out through the feces. The resulting side effect is flatus (farts) that smell very bad.
"It turns out that when checking in silico , this himetan tempeh has almost the same effect and is equivalent to bos root. So if it is equivalent in silico , it means we can use himetan tempeh as a substitute for bos root. Himetan tempeh is a medicine. "People with diabetes mellitus don't need to eat bos root, just eat himetan tempeh which is much cheaper in terms of price," said Resna.
Meanwhile, in the second research carried out in 2023, Dinta produced a downstream flow for himetan tempeh into a product. In the downstream flow described, Dinta's findings can improve the community's economy and become a source of wealth because of the enormous availability of nuts in Indonesia and the extraordinary benefits. This research received a gold medal at the 2023 WSEEC event at Pancasila University.
The third study in 2023 was conducted by comparing himetan tempeh with the drug sitagliptin. This drug is used for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus and is quite expensive. Dinta conducted in sillico research and showed that tempeh has the same effect as sitagliptin. “This means that tempeh can be a substitute for sitagliptin and the costs are much more economical. "Eating tempeh has an effect on improving blood sugar levels," added Resna.
This research was carried out when he was still in grade 2 of high school in 2018. Her love of tempeh became one of the incentives for Dinta to learn to make tempeh as well as studying the nutritional content and benefits of tempeh. This type of bean is easy to find and is widely available in Indonesia, which is a potential and opportunity for producing tempeh.
Not only does he make tempeh from one type of bean, Dinta mixes three types of beans which are claimed to have the benefit of reducing blood glucose levels. "From various literature, I thought, why not just mix these 3 types of beans to make tempeh? "I think it might be good for reducing blood sugar levels," said Dinta.
Before finding the formulation for himetan tempeh, Dinta first made tempeh from one type of bean. Apart from green beans, red beans and peanuts, Dinta admitted that he had tried making tempeh from Chinese petai. However, according to Dinta, the results were not satisfactory because the appearance was not beautiful enough. Dinta believes that the appearance of food is of value apart from its delicious taste.
Dinta admitted that he began to dare to claim that himetan tempeh was useful as an alternative food for diabetes sufferers after he carried out initial experiments on mice or rats in a laboratory.
The experimental results showed that mice that had been injected with glucose and then given tempeh extract showed good significance in terms of sugar levels. "Therefore, I dare say that tempeh himetan has the effect of lowering blood sugar levels after the laboratory results come out," he said.
Dinta's potential in conducting research was seen by her chemistry teacher at high school. Since then, Dinta has been guided to take part in competitions. This research on tempe himetan continued while he was a student at FKK UMJ.
This was also acknowledged by Dinta's supervisor while researching himetan tempeh at FKK UMJ, namely Dr. Resna Murti Wibowo, Sp.PD., FINASIM, M.Kes. He assessed that Dinta has potential and abilities above the average FKK UMJ student in general because he is not only focused on completing his studies but also aims to become a researcher and scholar.
Resna considers Dinta's discovery to be part of jihad because she is trying to scientifically prove the efficacy of food. “Most of the herbal medicines have empirical evidence. The target of this research is to establish scientific evidence. "When we confirm it with scientific evidence, that is the way of jihad," said the doctor who is a member of the Executive Board of the Indonesian Herbal Medical Doctors Association (PDHMI).
Based on the research results, Resna said that tempeh himetan can be called a herbal medicine. As with the concept of herbal medicine, what is eaten is medicine and medicine is something that is eaten. So Resna concluded that tempeh himetan has been proven to be a herbal medicine.
Furthermore, Resna explained that this research could be continued to test the anti-cholesterol, anti-cancer content, and so on. Apart from being a food that is classified as a nutritional structure, Himetan tempeh can also be extracted to become medicine and is a much cheaper alternative to type 2 diabetes mellitus medicine.
Resna emphasized that this disease, which is based on damage to the pancreas, may also be caused by damage to other organs such as the intestines, stomach, muscles, nerves and kidneys. In medical theory, it is known as the egregious eleven , namely eleven organs that play an important role in the occurrence of hyperglycemia. Therefore, treatment for people with diabetes mellitus is also complex and comprehensive and it is recommended not to focus on drugs. Some things to pay attention to are emotions, eating patterns, activities.
If you only focus on medicine, the cost of treatment will be increasingly expensive. “So we are looking for other alternatives that are comfortable for patients. The point is that diabetes mellitus patients must be made comfortable. We must be friendly to diabetes mellitus patients. "One of them is food like tempeh himetan which is much cheaper and easier to consume," he said.
Through his innovation, Dinta achieved achievements in various international competitions. These achievements are a gold medal at the International Science Invention Fair in Denpasar, a silver medal at the International Young Scientist Innovation Exhibition at Mandarin Malaysia in 2019, a gold medal at the Indonesian Invention and Innovation Promotion Association at Taman Mini Jakarta in 2019 (Special Award from Malaysia) , finalist in the Science Project Award at UNS 2019, Bronze medal at Thailand Inventor's Day 2023, and gold medal at WSEEC 2023 at Pancasila University Jakarta, Best Poster Award IYSA Grand Award.
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